Hystrix is a latency and fault tolerance library designed to isolate points of access to remote systems, services and 3rd party libraries, stop cascading failure and enable resilience in complex distributed systems where failure is inevitable
Hystrix is designed to do the following:
- Give protection from and control over latency and failure from dependencies accessed (typically over the network) via third-party client libraries.
- Stop cascading failures in a complex distributed system.
- Fail fast and rapidly recover.
- Fallback and gracefully degrade when possible.
- Enable near real-time monitoring, alerting, and operational control.
design principles:
- Preventing any single dependency from using up all container (such as Tomcat) user threads.
- Shedding load and failing fast instead of queueing.
- Providing fallbacks wherever feasible to protect users from failure.
- Using isolation techniques (such as bulkhead, swimlane, and circuit breaker patterns) to limit the impact of any one dependency.
- Optimizing for time-to-discovery through near real-time metrics, monitoring, and alerting
- Optimizing for time-to-recovery by means of low latency propagation of configuration changes and support for dynamic property changes in most aspects of Hystrix, which allows you to make real-time operational modifications with low latency feedback loops.
- Protecting against failures in the entire dependency client execution, not just in the network traffic.
通过threads & thread pools来进行隔离